Bowden, G. Davey Smith, S. Zammit, and M. Knight, Edward L. Sensky, T. Turkington, D. Kingdon, J. Scott, J. Scott, R. Siddle, M. Pilling, S. Bebbington, E. Kuipers, P. Garety, J. Geddes, G. Orbach, and C. Schizophrenia — Overview of causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and current research on schizophrenia.
National Institute of Mental Health. Canadian Psychiatric Association. Catatonic Schizophrenia — Signs, symptoms, causes, and effects. Disorganized Schizophrenia — Signs and symptoms of this subtype. In the U. UK: Call or visit Rethink: Schizophrenia. Australia: Call 18 or visit Sane Australia.
Canada: Visit Schizophrenia Society of Canada for links to regional societies that offer helplines and local services. India: Call the Vandrevala Foundation Helpline at or This holiday season alone, millions of people will turn to HelpGuide for free mental health guidance and support.
So many people rely on us in their most difficult moments. Can we rely on you? All gifts made before December 31 will be doubled. Cookie Policy. But with the right treatment and self-help, you can manage the disorder and lead a fulfilling life.
What is schizophrenia or paranoid schizophrenia? Take any suicidal thoughts or talk very seriously… If you or someone you care about is suicidal, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline in the U. Get more help. Helplines and support In the U. Print PDF. Your child's teacher or other school staff may alert you to changes in your child's behavior.
Seek medical care as soon as possible if you have concerns about your child's behavior or development. Suicidal thoughts and behavior are common among people with schizophrenia. If you have a child or teen who is in danger of attempting suicide or has made a suicide attempt, make sure someone stays with him or her.
Call or your local emergency number immediately. Or if you think you can do so safely, take your child to the nearest hospital emergency room. It's not known what causes childhood schizophrenia, but it's thought that it develops in the same way as adult schizophrenia does. Researchers believe that a combination of genetics, brain chemistry and environment contributes to development of the disorder.
It's not clear why schizophrenia starts so early in life for some and not for others. Problems with certain naturally occurring brain chemicals, including neurotransmitters called dopamine and glutamate, may contribute to schizophrenia. Neuroimaging studies show differences in the brain structure and central nervous system of people with schizophrenia. While researchers aren't certain about the significance of these changes, they indicate that schizophrenia is a brain disease. Although the precise cause of schizophrenia isn't known, certain factors seem to increase the risk of developing or triggering schizophrenia, including:.
Left untreated, childhood schizophrenia can result in severe emotional, behavioral and health problems. Complications associated with schizophrenia may occur in childhood or later, such as:. Early identification and treatment may help get symptoms of childhood schizophrenia under control before serious complications develop.
Early treatment is also crucial in helping limit psychotic episodes, which can be extremely frightening to a child and his or her parents. Ongoing treatment can help improve your child's long-term outlook. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. Schizophrenia is a severe mental health condition that can cause confused speech, delusions, and social withdrawal.
Treatment is available. Learn more…. Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia have some similarities, but there are key differences. Diagnosis and treatment options vary. Here, learn more about…. Hallucinations are sensory experiences that exist only in the mind. There are many types of hallucinations and possible causes, including drugs and…. Psychosis refers to a loss of contact with reality, during which hallucinations or delusions may occur. It occurs with some mental illnesses…. What schizophrenia is Stages Symptoms of each stage Causes Diagnosis Age of onset Treatment Seeking emergency care Outlook Summary Schizophrenia has three distinct phases, which share some overlapping symptoms.
What is schizophrenia? What are the stages of schizophrenia? Symptoms of each stage. What causes these stages. Age of onset. Lack of awareness is a common symptom of people diagnosed with schizophrenia and greatly complicates treatment.
While there is no single physical or lab test that can diagnosis schizophrenia, a health care provider who evaluates the symptoms and the course of a person's illness over six months can help ensure a correct diagnosis. The health care provider must rule out other factors such as brain tumors, possible medical conditions and other psychiatric diagnoses, such as bipolar disorder.
To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, a person must have two or more of the following symptoms occurring persistently in the context of reduced functioning:. Delusions or hallucinations alone can often be enough to lead to a diagnosis of schizophrenia.
The literature on the role of medicines early in treatment is evolving, but we do know that psychotherapy is essential. People can describe symptoms in a variety of ways. How a person describes symptoms often depends on the cultural lens she is looking through.
African Americans and Latinos are more likely to be misdiagnosed, potentially due to differing cultural perspectives or structural barriers. Any person who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia should try to work with a health care professional that understands his or her cultural background and shares the same expectations for treatment.
Successfully treating schizohprenia almost always improves these related illnesses. Search Close Menu. Sign In About Mental Illness. About Mental Illness Treatments. About Mental Illness Research. Your Journey Individuals with Mental Illness. Your Journey Family Members and Caregivers. Your Journey Identity and Cultural Dimensions.
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